Motherboard(System Board)
The system board is the computer component that acts as the backbone for the entire computer system.It consists of a large,flat circuit board with chips and other electrical components on it.Some components are soldered directly to the board,and some are slots and sockets where other components can be added and removed easily.
CPU (The Central Processing Unit):-
The Central Processing unit is also called microprocessor or only processor.It is the brain of computer.On most of personal computers, the CPU is housed in a single microprocessor chip that is installed on the system board in a socket.
Memory:-
Memory is a component the provides the electronic storage for the computer.Memory most commonly refers to actual chips that typically store and retrieve information faster than tape and hard drives can.Memory chips contain millions of transistors etched on one silver of a semi-conductor.When a transistor conduct electricity, it Represents the binary number 1. When it does not, it represents the binary number 0.
There are two types of memory:-
Volatile Memory- Volatile memory requires a constant source of electricity
to keep track of the data stored in it.When the power is no longer available ,the data stored in volatile memory memory is lost.
Example- RAM (Random Access Memory)
Non volatile Memory- Non volatile memory retains the information stored on it whether or not electricity is available.
Example- ROM (Read Only Memory)
System Bus:-
The system bus is the wire, or traces ,on the motherboard that provide the main communication path between the CPU and memory. The system bus enable data transfer between CPU, memory, and the other buses in the computer,which connect other system components such as hard disk and adapter cards.It is also called frontside bus or local bus.